The most recent extended treatment of the problem is by Manning (1995), who has argued in favor of an enhanced role of social factors at the expense of economic ones. At essentially the same time, Runnels pointed out the weaknesses in Renfrew's emphasis on new developments in agriculture and suggested that Renfrew's alternative explanatory model based on trade provided the key to understanding the rise of complex society in the Aegean. By far the most prolific, as well as most provocative, authority on the subject during the middle and later 1980's Cherry, who deserves much of the credit for making "the emergence of the state" one of the most genuinely interesting and multifaceted problems presently confronting Aegean prehistorians. At the end of the 1970's and the beginning of the 1980's, alternative models were suggested by Gamble and Halstead. Renfrew in 1972 was the first to propose a theoretical model for the indigenous development of "civilization" in the Aegean. Instead, notions of indigenous development came to the fore and the Early Minoan period was increasingly viewed as a long period of gestation during which many of the forms which were to characterize the later palatial culture of Crete were devised. During the later 1960's and early 1970's, however, there was a general tendency to abandon invoking the Near East and other areas outside the Aegean as the sources for major developments within it. Such authorities also saw in the peculiarities of Minoan palatial culture expressions of a nature-loving, anti-militaristic population whose geographical isolation, coupled with a rich environment, resulted in a "complex society" or civilization quite distinct from those of Egypt, Mesopotamia, or, at a somewhat later date, the Greek Mainland. The earliest writers on the subject tended to view the Minoan palaces as inspired by and, to some degree or another imitations of, functionally similar buildings in the Near East. Until quite recently, few Aegean prehistorians devoted much time or effort to the questions of how and why palatial civilization arose in the Aegean world where and when it did. Significant Aspects of the Larger Problem.Absolute Chronology of the Palaeolithic Era in the Aegean.Absolute Chronology of the Late Bronze Age in the Aegean.Absolute Chronology of the Early and Middle Bronze Age in the Aegean.Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, and Diet: General.Agriculture and Animal Husbandry: Specific.The Politics of Aegean Archaeological Fieldwork in Modern Aegean States and in Contemporary American Academe.Physical Reconstructions of Aegean Sites and Works of Art. Landscape Archaeology and the Archaeology of Memory.Surface Surveys Spanning Multiple Periods of Aegean Prehistory.Theoretical Approaches to Trade and Exchange.Modern Fictional Treatments of the Aegean Bronze Age.Introduction: History, Theory, and Politics of the Discipline.
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